IT Professionals

Management Ports Routers have physical connectors that are used to manage the router. These connectors are known as management ports. Unlike Ethernet and serial interfaces, management ports are not used for packet forwarding. The most common management port is the console port. The console port is used to connect a terminal, or most often a PC running terminal emulator software, to configure the router without the need for network access to that router. The console port must be used during initial configuration of the router. Another management port is the auxiliary port. Not all routers have auxiliary ports. At times the auxiliary port can be used in ways similar to a console port. It can also be used to attach a modem. Auxiliary ports will not be used in this curriculum. The figure shows the console and AUX ports on the router. Router Interfaces The term interface on Cisco routers refers to a physical connector on the router whose main purpose is to receive and forward packets. Rout

After exchange server installation how to access ecp   Open the browser and type https://" your server name "/ecp/ After enter you will see this login  Finally we are here ...

CPU consists of the following features: CPU is considered as the brain of the computer. CPU performs all types of data processing operations. It stores data, intermediate results and instructions(program). It controls the operation of all parts of computer. CPU itself has following three components. Memory or Storage Unit Control Unit ALU(Arithmetic Logic Unit) Memory or Storage Unit This unit can store instructions, data and intermediate results. This unit supplies information to the other units of the computer when needed. It is also known as internal storage unit or main memory or primary storage or Random access memory(RAM). Its size affects speed, power and capability. Primary memory and secondary memory are two types of memories in the computer. Functions of memory unit are: It stores all the data and the instructions required for processing. It stores intermediate results of processing. It stores final results of processing before these re

Computers can be broadly classified by their speed and computing power. Sr.No. Type Specifications 1 PC (Personal Computer) It is a single user computer system having moderately powerful microprocessor 2 WorkStation It is also a single user computer system which is similar to personal computer but have more powerful microprocessor. 3 Mini Computer It is a multi-user computer system which is capable of supporting hundreds of users simultaneously. 4 Main Frame It is a multi-user computer system which is capable of supporting hundreds of users simultaneously. Software technology is different from minicomputer. 5 Supercomputer It is an extremely fast computer which can execute hundreds of millions of instructions per second. PC (Personal Computer) A PC can be defined as a small, relatively inexpensive computer designed for an individual user. PCs are based on the microprocessor technology that enables manufacturers to put an entire CPU on one chip. Businesses use personal com

Exchange Server 2013 delivers a number of new features as well as improvements on existing features that are already familiar to those who have worked with Exchange Server 2010. Here are a few of the highlights: Reduction in  server roles  from five to three; Client Access server, Mailbox server, and Edge Transport server. New streamlined Outlook 2013 and Outlook Web App user interfaces, and offline access for OWA. No more Exchange Management Console, all administration is now performed using the new web-based  Exchange Administration Center  and the Exchange Management Shell (using PowerShell 3.0). Improvements to high availability features and manageability. Public folders are now stored in mailbox databases and can take advantage of Database Availability Groups for replication and high availability. Data loss prevention capabilities that can be integrated into  Transport Rules

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A Virtual Private Network (VPN) is a network technology that creates a secure network connection over a public network such as the Internet or a private network owned by a service provider. Large corporations, educational institutions, and government agencies use VPN technology to enable remote users to securely connect to a private network. A VPN can connect multiple sites over a large distance just like a Wide Area Network (WAN). VPNs are often used to extend intranets worldwide to disseminate information and news to a wide user base. Educational institutions use VPNs to connect campuses that can be distributed across the country or around the world. In order to gain access to the private network, a user must be authenticated using a unique identification and a password. An authentication token is often used to gain access to a private network through a personal identification number (PIN) that a user must enter. The PIN is a unique authentication code that changes according to

The term workstation and desktop are often interchanged, especially in a work environment where both terms are used. A desktop is any computer that can be fit on top of a table or a desk. This was to differentiate against the older and bigger computers. A workstation is the term used for high end computers that are used for scientific or any other heavy usage application. With the introduction of personal computers, the term desktop became very common because these computers can now fit on a desk. But since these computers were often too underpowered for use in some work environments, companies used computers that have better specifications. These computers were called workstations. Workstation is a computer designed for technical or scientific applications. Workstations are more powerful and higher in performance than desktop computers, especially with respect to CPU and Graphics, memory capacity and multitasking capability. Can be used as a server for low level applications

Active Directory Recycle Bin provides a way to restore deleted objects without AD DS downtime Uses Windows PowerShell with Active Directory Module or the Active Directory Administrative Center to restore objects.                                       For Configuration of AD Recycle bin follow the step bellow                                                     1st step : Go to ADDC and enable Recycle bin

 Commonly used types of UTP cabling are as follows: • Category 1—Used for telephone communications. Not suitable for transmitting data. • Category 2—Capable of transmitting data at speeds up to 4 megabits per second (Mbps). • Category 3—Used in 10 BASE-T networks. Can transmit data at speeds up to 10 Mbps. • Category 4—Used in Token Ring networks. Can transmit data at speeds up to 16 Mbps. • Category 5—Can transmit data at speeds up to 100 Mbps. • Category 5e —Used in networks running at speeds up to 1000 Mbps (1 gigabit per          second  [Gbps]). • Category 6—Typically, Category 6 cable consists of four pairs of 24 American Wire     Gauge (AWG) copper wires. Category 6 cable is currently the fastest standard for UTP. 

Hubs: A common connection point for devices in a network. Hubs are commonly used to connect segments of a LAN. A hub contains multiple ports. When a packet arrives at one port, it is copied to the other ports so that all segments of the LAN can see all packets. A passive hub serves simply as a conduit for the data, enabling it to go from one device (or segment) to another. So-called intelligent hubs include additional features that enables an administrator to monitor the traffic passing through the hub and to configure each port in the hub. Intelligent hubs are also called manageable hubs. A third type of hub, called a switching hub, actually reads the destination address of each packet and then forwards the packet to the correct port.   Active Hubs Hubs that are powered split & actively repeats (rebuilds) signals.   Passive Hubs  Hubs that are not powered simply split signals.   Standalone Hubs Single box-level hubs with a number of ports. Standalone hubs usually i

Computer Networks A group of two or more computer systems linked together. There are many [types]of computer networks:   Peer To Peer (workgroups) The computers are connected by a network, however, there is NOT a Server present.   Client/Server  The computers are connected by a network, and there is a Server present. Other Classifications:   Local-area networks(LANs): The computers are geographically close together (that is, in the same building).   Metropolitan-area networks(MANs):   The computers are farther apart and are connected (that is, in the same city).   Wide-area networks(WANs):  The computers are farther apart and are connected (that is, NOT in the same city). In addition to these types, the following [characteristics]are also used to categorize different types of networks:   Topology: The geometric arrangement of a computer system. Common topologies include a bus, star, and ring. Hybrids of these are, star bus & star ring.   Protocol : The pro